Digital Imaging of Human Skeletal Remains: Female Adult Human Skeletal Remains
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Superior
Inferior
Anterior
Posterior
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Complete
Skeleton
Skull
Vertebrae
Ribs & Sternum
Pelvis
Left Arm
Right Arm
Left Leg
Right Leg
About

Skeleton Information

  • Gender: Female
  • Age: Adult
  • Origin: Tyrol, Austria
  • Time (year): 1500 ~ 1800
  • Estimate Height: 159 cm (5' 3")
Click the image to view a anatomical position.

What is Green?

There is green stain around neck; specifically cervical 7 and thoracic 1 bones. This localized staining / colouration occurs when the bones contact with copper or bronze (necklaces or coins) during decomposition process.

Link

Each individual bone can be viewed in Bone Viewer.

Head

Skull
Mandible
Teeth

NOTE: The roots of left first molar, right first molar, right second molar, mandibular left first molar, and mandibular right first molar are present, but these teeth cannot be removed from the sockets during 3D scanning.

Skull

Teeth

  • Left First Incisor
  • Left Second Incisor
  • Left First Premolar
  • Left Second Premolar
  • Left First Molar
  • Left Second Molar
  • Left Third Molar
  • Right First Premolar
  • Right First Molar
  • Right Second Molar
  • Right Third Molar
  • Mandibular Left First Molar
  • Mandibular Left Second Molar
  • Mandibular Left First Premolar
  • Mandibular Left Second Premolar
  • Mandibular Left Lateral Incisor
  • Mandibular Left Canine
  • Mandibular Right First Premolar
  • Mandibular Right First Molar
  • Mandibular Right Second Molar
  • Mandibular Right Third Molar

Vertebrae

Cervical Vertebrae
Thoracic Vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae

Human vertebrae are divided into 3 sections; cervical, thoracic and lumbar.

Cervical vertebrae consist of 7 bones supporting head. Thoracic vertebrae consist of 12 bones which is bearing ribs. Lumbar vertebrae are between thoracic cage and pelvis, and consist of 5 bones.

Cervical

  • Cervical 1:
  • Cervical 2:
  • Cervical 3:
  • Cervical 4:
  • Cervical 5:
  • Cervical 6:
  • Cervical 7:

Thoracic

  • Thoracic 1:
  • Thoracic 2:
  • Thoracic 3:
  • Thoracic 4:
  • Thoracic 5:
  • Thoracic 6:
  • Thoracic 7:
  • Thoracic 8:
  • Thoracic 9:
  • Thoracic 10:
  • Thoracic 11:
  • Thoracic 12:

Lumbar

  • Lumbar 1:
  • Lumbar 2:
  • Lumbar 3:
  • Lumbar 4:
  • Lumbar 5:

Ribs

Left Ribs
Right Ribs
Sternum

Left Ribs

  • Rib 1
  • Rib 2
  • Rib 3
  • Rib 4
  • Rib 5 (part a)
  • Rib 5 (part b)
  • Rib 6
  • Rib 7 (part a)
  • Rib 7 (part b)
  • Rib 8
  • Rib 9 (part a)
  • Rib 9 (part b)
  • Rib 10
  • Rib 11
  • Rib 12

Right Ribs

  • Rib 1
  • Rib 2
  • Rib 3
  • Rib 4
  • Rib 5
  • Rib 6
  • Rib 7
  • Rib 8
  • Rib 9
  • Rib 10
  • Rib 11 (part a)
  • Rib 11 (part b)
  • Rib 12

Sternum

  • Manubrium
  • Sternum

Pelvis

Left Os Coxae
Right Os Coxae
Sacrum

  • Left OsCoxae
  • Right OsCoxae
  • Sacrum

Left Arm

Upper Arm
Forearm
Hand

Upper Arm

  • Clavicle
  • Scapula
  • Humerus

Forearm

  • Ulna
  • Radius

Hand

  • Capitate
  • Hamate
  • Lunate
  • Scaphoid
  • Metacarpal 1
  • Metacarpal 2
  • Metacarpal 3
  • Metacarpal 4
  • Metacarpal 5
  • Proximal Phalanx 1
  • Proximal Phalanx 2
  • Proximal Phalanx 3
  • Proximal Phalanx 4
  • Proximal Phalanx 5
  • Intermediate Phalanx 3
  • Intermediate Phalanx 4

    • Right Arm

    Upper Arm
    Forearm
    Hand

    Upper Arm

    • Clavicle
    • Scapula
    • Humerus

    Forearm

    • Ulna
    • Radius

    Hand

  • Capitate
  • Hamate
  • Lunate
  • Scaphoid
  • Metacarpal 1
  • Metacarpal 2
  • Metacarpal 3
  • Metacarpal 4
  • Metacarpal 5
  • Proximal Phalanx 1
  • Proximal Phalanx 2
  • Proximal Phalanx 3
  • Proximal Phalanx 4
  • Proximal Phalanx 5
  • Intermediate Phalanx 2
  • Intermediate Phalanx 3
  • Intermediate Phalanx 4
  • Distal Phalanx 1
  • Distal Phalanx 3
  • Distal Phalanx 4

    • Left Leg

    Upper Leg
    Lower Leg
    Foot

    Femur Length Comparison

    The lengths of left and right femur bones are noticeably different. The feft femur is 466 mm, and the right femur is 456 mm, which is 10 mm shorter than the left.

    Upper Leg

    • Femur

    Lower Leg

    • Tibia
    • Fibula
    • Patella

    Foot

  • Talus
  • Calcaneus
  • Navicular
  • Cuboid
  • Lateral Cuneiform
  • Medial Cuneiform
  • Metatarsal 1
  • Metatarsal 2
  • Metatarsal 3
  • Metatarsal 4
  • Metatarsal 5
  • Proximal Phalanx 1
  • Proximal Phalanx 2
  • Proximal Phalanx 3
  • Proximal Phalanx 4

    • Right Leg

    Upper Leg
    Lower Leg
    Foot

    Upper Leg

    • Femur

    Lower Leg

    • Tibia
    • Fibula
    • Patella

    Foot

    • Talus
    • Calcaneus
    • Navicular
    • Cuboid
    • Lateral Cuneiform
    • Medial Cuneiform
    • Metatarsal 1
    • Metatarsal 2
    • Metatarsal 3
    • Metatarsal 4
    • Metatarsal 5
    • Proximal Phalanx 2
    • Proximal Phalanx 3
    • Proximal Phalanx 4
    • Intermediate Phalanx 3
    • Sesamoid
    • Sesamoid

    About Digital Imaging for Anthropology

    Digitizing human skeletal remains to 3D models using 3D scanners and high-resoluton cameras in order to study the external morphology and habitual activities.

    The rasterization process on the surface is also applied to the 3D models with MeshLab parameterization and texturing techique.

    Each individual bone can be viewed in Bone Viewer.

    About Skeletal Remains

    These human remains originate from a late-medieval cemetery located in the old city in Hall, in the Tyrol region of Austria. The remains are from burials dating from the 16th to 18th century that were exhumed to make room for new burials when the cemetery reached capacity.

    The remains are on loan from the State Collection of Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy in Munich, Germany.

    Mouse Interface

    : Rotate camera
    : Zoom camera
    : Pan camera

    Touch Interface

    1-finger: Rotate camera
    2-finger: Pan camera
    Pinch: Zoom camera

    Contact

    Jaime K. Ginter, PhD
    jaime.ginter@sheridancollege.ca
    Professor of Anthropology
    Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences
    Sheridan College

    Rafael Goldchain, BAA, MA, MFA
    rafael.goldchain@sheridancollege.ca
    Professor
    Faculty of Animation, Arts, & Design
    Sheridan College

    Song Ho Ahn
    songho.ahn@sheridancollege.ca
    Visualization Researcher
    SPARK: The Sheridan Centre for Academic Excellence
    Sheridan College

    Statement of Respectful Use of the 3D Human Skeletal Application

    The 3D models presented in the 3D Human Skeleton Application are photo-realistic representations of the bones of a real, once living person. In order to access this content, users must acknowledge that they will interact with this digital content in a respectful manner and use the content only as outlined the terms and conditions below.

    This digital content included in this resource is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). It is the user's responsibility to read, understand and abide by the terms and conditions under which they can access and use the licensed content.

    The license requires users to:

    • Use the digital content, or any representation thereof, exclusively for non-commercial, educational, teaching/learning, or personal study purpose (please note that a for-profit education or training business may not use the digital content included in this resource)
    • Provide attribution to the creator(s) of the material

    Under this license users are not permitted to:

    • Modify, alter or inappropriately use any content included in this resource
    • Copy and post any digital representation of the 3D skeletal model in a public forum, such as, but not limited to, Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram, etc.
    • Use any content in published scholarly works without express written permission of the creators of the work

    Any other uses not covered by the license require the express written permission of the creators of the work.

    Attribution

    The following format is recommended for crediting any work used from this website:

    3D Human Skeletal Application, 2019, by Song Ho Ahn, Jaime Ginter, & Rafael Goldchain. https://ltsa.sheridancollege.ca/apps/anthropology. Content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.

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